Avoiding Common Retirement Planning Traps

There are several traps you may fall into while planning for your retirement.

Some aspects of your retirement planning may feel like a trap (Getty)

Retirement can feel like stepping off a cliff: years of saving, planning, and sacrifice, only to find that one mistake, or one trap, can unravel it all. Many people imagine retirement as a smooth glide into freedom; in reality, it’s a landscape full of hidden pitfalls. The smart retiree doesn’t ignore them, they learn to anticipate and avoid them.

Here are some of the most dangerous retirement planning traps, and what anyone planning retirement should do instead.

Trap No. 1: Assuming You Can Wing It

One of the biggest mistakes is entering retirement without a clear, actionable plan. Many underestimate future expenses, overlook inflation, or ignore health‑care risks. Without a roadmap, even substantial savings can evaporate under the weight of unplanned surprises.

What to do instead: Build a written plan. Forecast expenses, model income, stress‑test for market downsides, and revisit it annually. Having a framework gives you guardrails for decisions, rather than letting fear or uncertainty set the course.

Trap No. 2: Cashing Out Retirement Accounts

When people change jobs or hit liquidity needs, the temptation is to take a lump sum from a 401(k) or IRA. This can trigger penalties, taxes, and interrupt the compounding engine of those assets.

What to do instead: Always prefer rollovers to preserving tax-advantaged status. If you must make withdrawals, treat them as a last resort, not a planned strategy.

Trap No. 3: Overreliance on Tax‑Deferred Vehicles

Tax-deferred accounts like traditional IRAs and 401(k)s (or RRSPs in Canada) are powerful. But leaning too heavily on them can backfire in retirement when withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income, possibly pushing you into higher brackets.

What to do instead: Maintain tax flexibility. Include Roth accounts, taxable investments, and other tax-smart tools so you can draw from the best option depending on your tax environment.

Trap No. 4: Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket

Too many retirees let bias or convenience drive their allocations. Maybe they have a concentrated stock position or lean heavily on one asset class. That rigidity leaves you brittle to market shifts.

What to do instead: Diversify, not just across equities and bonds, but across strategies, geographies, and asset types. Adjust over time. A flexible, balanced portfolio is more resilient when markets test it.

Trap No. 5: Clinging to Old Strategies

Markets, tax laws, and retiree needs change. Holding onto outdated rules or refusing to adapt can cost dearly. What made sense a decade ago might not work today.

What to do instead: Be agile. Review your plan periodically. Ask hard questions: Is my withdrawal strategy still sound? Are there new tax or investment tools I should incorporate? Stagnation is a trap in itself.

Trap No. 6: Underestimating Health Care and Longevity Risk

Few traps are more insidious than ignoring how long you’ll live and how much care can cost. Health care inflation often outpaces general inflation. A serious illness or long-term care need can drain even a large portfolio.

What to do instead: Plan early for health costs. Use tools like Health Savings Accounts (if eligible), long-term care insurance, or hybrid policies. Build buffers in your plan to handle medical surprises without derailing your lifestyle.

Trap No. 7: Timing Mistakes with Social Security Withdrawal Order and RMDs

Claiming Social Security too early or mishandling required minimum distributions can impose irreversible costs. Mistakes in timing can shrink your income, increase taxes, or force you to liquidate assets at bad times.

What to do instead: Run alternate scenarios. Delay Social Security when possible. Sequence withdrawals thoughtfully (e.g., from taxable, tax-deferred, and Roth buckets). Plan RMDs ahead so you’re not reacting under pressure.

Final Thought

Retirement planning traps aren’t exotic surprises they’re often the result of inertia, optimism bias, or failing to revisit assumptions. The best defense isn’t avoiding all risks but instead building a plan robust enough to survive and adapt.

The goal: not just longevity but a flourishing life. By recognizing these traps and weaving in flexibility, tax intelligence, and humility, retirees can tilt the odds in their favor and keep enjoying the payoff for all those years of effort.

© 2025 Forbes Media LLC. All Rights Reserved

This Forbes article was legally licensed through AdvisorStream.

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Publisher: Forbes

Published: Nov. 13, 2025

By Andrew Rosen, Contributor